Primary membranous nephropathy (MN) is an organ-specific autoimmune disease characterized by the formation of subepithelial immune deposits, with the identification of underlying antigen, such as M-type phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) [1], thrombospondin type-1 domain-containing 7A (THSD7A) [2], Exostosin 1/Exostosin 2 [3], and neural epidermal growth factor-like 1 (NELL-1) [4], etc. PLA2R-related MN accounted for 70–80% of primary MN [5]. This evidence concerns the gene NELL1 and autoimmune disease.