After 470 nm-irradiation, TC-WS-CQDs were observed to produce more reactive oxygen species, induction of autophagy, and inhibition of tumor proliferation through the p53-AMPK pathway in Huh7 hepatoma cells (shown in Fig. 6(A–D)), and TC-WS-CQDs were found to be non-cytotoxic in normal cells.87 Furthermore, the cytotoxic efficiency and mechanism of ZnO-QDs were investigated in HepG2 hepatocellular cancer cells.89 The gene discussed is TP53; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.