VEGFA and melanoma: On the other hand, the previously described SK-MEL-28-RhS recapitulated the initial stages of melanoma invasion by showing a potential for inducing both an immune suppressive milieu via IL-10, M-CSF, and TGFβ release, as well as a pro-angiogenic environment, likely mediated by the release of Flt-1 and VEGF, the secretion of which was upregulated in the culture supernatants.