BUB1 and cancer: Although the relationship between RAS/MAPK signalling, CIC function, and proliferation appears more complex in mammalian cells [19], loss of CIC has also been associated with proliferation in the absence of RTK signals in cancer cells and neural stem cells [16,17,22,28] and with dysregulated expression of cell cycle-related genes (e.g., AURKA, CDK4, BUB1) across multiple cancer types [29].