They further identified two subclasses, one exhibiting adaptive immune responses, and another displaying exhausted immune responses, suggesting that certain HCCs may be more susceptible to therapeutic modalities that target regulatory pathways in T cells, such as PD-L1, PD-1, and TGF-β1 inhibitors [170], constituting the foundation for the implementation of ICIs in HCC. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.