TLR4 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Interestingly, they reported that the entrapment of HCC cells by NETs alters their function, reducing their susceptibility to cytotoxicity while promoting their malignant capacity, enhancing angiogenesis and potentiating metastasis [64], which are mediated by immune responses against HCC cells that are regulated by the TLR4/COX2 signaling axis.