In Asia, a major subpopulation of NSCLC patients harboring certain druggable oncogenes, including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) (~50%) and a smaller proportion with Kirsten rat sarcoma virus (KRAS) mutations (~10–20%), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) (~5%) or ROS proto-oncogene 1 (ROS1) rearrangement (<5%). The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.