NLRX1 and colonic neoplasm: Indeed, several studies have shown NLRX1 is protective against colon cancer, histiocytic sarcoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and ER/PR+ breast cancer through signaling pathways including but not limited to NF-κB, MAPK, AKT, and TNF-induced apoptosis (28, 30–32, 37, 38).