PLAU and Parkinson disease: We observed that PD astrocytes differentiated from isogenic and non-isogenic iPSC pairs alter their secretion pattern of molecules known to regulate angiogenesis by promoting vessel formation (e.g. angiopoietin-156,57, urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA)58,59, amphiregulin60), as well as factors that have been shown to impair the permeability of endothelial vessels (e.g. VEGF)61,62 (Fig. 1J).