Our findings were in accordance with Salem et al. [23] who reported no significant correlation between concomitant bilharzial cystitis and the expression of HER2, and with what was stated by Hammam et al. [25] that bilharzial infestation seemed not to affect the HER2 expression.Of our cases, 61.7% showed ERß tumor positivity. Here, ESR1 is linked to neoplasm.