Given thatPITX2 gene expression in tumor stromal cells is higher than that in parenchymal cells among pancreatic cancer patients and thatPITX2 gene expression in tumor stromal cells higher than 0.5 is a factor affecting prognosis, we hypothesized that the upregulation of PITX2 in PSCs may be associated with poor differentiation and poor prognosis, while the downregulation of PITX2 may function conversely. Here, PITX2 is linked to familial pancreatic carcinoma.