Some of the proteins with elevated expression in TSC2‐ cells have previously been linked to mTORC1‐driven tumours in TSC, including HIF‐1α, MMPs, VE‐cadherin, IL‐6 and VEGF (Bertolini et al., 2018; Dodd et al., 2015; Lee et al., 2010; Shu et al., 2010; Wang et al., 2021; Young et al., 2013). This evidence concerns the gene HIF1A and neoplasm.