PTGS2 and Parkinson disease: Previous studies in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced mouse model of PD showed that DuP697, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, significantly reduced PGE2 production and dopaminergic neurotoxicity [121], and that COX-2 deficiency combined with the COX-2-specific inhibitor valdecoxib attenuated the microglial activation, the loss of dopaminergic neurons, and the motor deficits [122].