Among 168 “only those never smoked” female lung cancer patients, 84 patients with high expression of CSF2RB (Fig. 4A, log-rank P = .0019; hazard ratios [HR] = 0.36; 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 0.18–0.7) resulted in a significantly decreased risk of mortality compared with 84 patients with low expression of CSF2RB gene. This evidence concerns the gene CSF2RB and lung cancer.