APOC1 and neoplasm: It has been reported that APOC1 is overexpressed in the TAMs of HCC tissues compared to those in normal tissues, and inhibition of APOC1 promotes the transformation of M2 macrophages into M1 macrophages through the iron death pathway to reshape the tumor immune microenvironment (Hao et al., 2022), indicating the pro-cancer role of APOC1 in HCC.