LEP and Abdominal obesity: This is further supported by the fact that despite the presence of abdominal obesity in 100% of subjects in CMDS 3, an increased level of visceral fat was found only in a quarter of cases and was associated with an additional increase in dysmetabolic changes (increased levels of triglycerides, C-reactive protein, leptin, insulin, VAI, and HOMA-IR), and increased BP (SBP, DBP, and mean arterial pressure).