NLRP3 and Cognitive impairment: Chen et al. (2022) demonstrated that sevoflurane could improve cognitive dysfunction by inhibiting the NLRP3-dependent caspase-1/11-GSDMD pathway, in which SIRT1 played a key role. Yang et al. showed that cannabinoid type 2 receptor (CB2R) helped to protect neurons and promote survival in SAE patients. Furthermore, it has been proven that the CB2R-specific agonist HU308 could repress neuronal pyroptosis, attenuate brain tissue damage and improve cognitive impairment in SAE (Yang et al., 2022).