To establish whether targeting the PD−1/PD-L1 axis could overcome immunological resistance, we investigated the efficacy of administration of αPD-L1 therapy in the less radiosensitive prostate, and αPD−1 therapy9,19 in bladder tumor models as monotherapy or in combination with RT (Figure 1h,i, Figure S2). This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and urinary bladder neoplasm.