These results demonstrated that Th17 cells might have the ability to aggravate HCC recurrence by activating the EMT program, inducing cancer stemness, and promoting the formation of the pre-metastatic microenvironment and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo, while the characteristics of FOXO1 in negatively regulating Th17 cells to reduce the HCC recurrence was recognized. This evidence concerns the gene FOXO1 and cancer.