TNF and neoplasm: From taking part in the activation of CD8+ T cells and monocytes, helping maturation of DCs, defining polarization of T cells to production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), IFN-γ, and granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and eradication of infected and tumor cells by two mechanisms of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, in the absence of prior stimulation through natural cytotoxicity [310, 311].