Those with CTO tended to be older than those without (66.9 ± 10.5 VS 64.0 ± 11.5 years), were more likely to have H-type hypertension, diabetes, CKD, dyslipidemia and statin use, higher TC, apoB, LDL-C, UA, TG, LP(a), FFA, Cr, cystatin C, HbA1C, TNT levels, and lower apoA and HDL-C levels. This evidence concerns the gene CST3 and metabolic syndrome.