In addition, TGFBR1 can increase the infiltration levels of the regulatory T cells (Tregs) and CAFs in both triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and pancreatic cancer tissues, and more importantly, suppress the intratumoral infiltration levels of T lymphocytes and activated dendritic cells (DCs) (Fig. 2e and Supplementary Fig. 2). Here, TGFBR1 is linked to triple-negative breast carcinoma.