IL4 and tuberculosis: Seven case-control studies were included.[40,42,45,46] The analysis indicated that the level of IL-4 in the plasma of patients with TB had no significant statistical significance compared with the healthy control group (SMD = 0.453, [95% CI, −0.036 to 0.941], I2 = 87.2%, P = .069); the 3 studies were cross-sectional studies.[44,48] The results showed that the level of IL-4 in the plasma of patients with TB was higher than that of healthy controls (SMD = −1.089, [95% CI, −1.744 to 0.433], I2 = 62.5%, P = .001).