ASXL1 proteins are epigenetic regulators that recruit chromatin modification complexes and transcription factors; in mice, Asxl1 deficiency in HSCs results in myelodysplasia with accumulation of hematopoietic progenitors but decreased self-renewal, and serial transplantation of Asxl1-null HSCs results in acceleration of a lethal myelodysplastic disorder as compared to primary Asxl1 KO mice (44). The gene discussed is ASXL1; the disease is Myelodysplasia.