On the other hand, HLA-DRB1*09:01:02 and HLA-DQB1*03:03:02 (Supplementary Table 3), which were associated with a higher risk of developing symptomatic PBC, shared a similar tendency of associations with late-stage PBC with HLA-DRB1*09:01:02 and HLA-DQB1*03:03:02 (Supplementary Table 1). Here, HLA-DQB1 is linked to primary biliary cholangitis.