A total of 1 HLA-A, 2 HLA-C, 5 HLA-B, 10 HLA-DRB1, 8 HLA-DQA1, 7 HLA-DQB1, 1 HLA-DPA1 and 3 HLA-DPB1 alleles were significantly associated with Japanese PBC after correction for multiple testing. The gene discussed is HLA-C; the disease is primary biliary cholangitis.