CDKN1A and melanoma: This has correlated with DNA methylation and epigenetic silencing of melanoma tumor suppressors, including p16, p21, ciliary genes and AMD1 (Bachmann et al., 2006; Fan et al., 2011; Zingg et al., 2015; Zingg et al., 2018), but also genes involved in immune responses, including human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex genes, several T cell-attracting chemokines, and interferon (IFN) response genes, interferon alpha-inducible protein 6 (IFI6) and interferon regulatory factor 6 (IRF9) (Tiffen et al., 2016a).