AKT1 and cholangiocarcinoma: In CCA cells, treatment with an AKT inhibitor or knockdown of AKT1 or AKT2 induced HER3 expression or activation (Figure 4H and 4K), and the AKT inhibitor combined with afatinib significantly induced cell death and repressed BAX Ser 184 phosphorylation and colony formation (Figure 4J and 4L).