The most important effect of nano‐curcumin on reducing the inflammatory process was related to the suppression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) pathway activation, which led to a decrease in the expression of inflammatory genes, including cyclooxygenase, and then reduced CF inflammation by inhibiting NF‐κB inhibitor (IκB) phosphorylation (Shakibaei et al., 2007). Here, NFKB1 is linked to cystic fibrosis.