Moreover, plasma osteopontin, brain angiotensin type 2 receptors, and 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid have been confirmed as the common potential targets and biomarkers of AD and VCI (Ahmed and Ishrat, 2020; Chai et al., 2021; Gonzalez-Fernandez et al., 2021). This evidence concerns the gene SPP1 and Alzheimer disease.