CML cell lines treated with RXRA ligands combined with IM showed a significant increase in cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP expression (Figure 4D) and increased apoptosis combined with IM (Figure 4E) as well as with 2nd generation TKIs, dasatinib and nilotinib (Supplementary Figures S6A, B). Here, CASP3 is linked to chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive.