The associations of mutations in the ALPK1 gene with inflammatory syndromes and cancer, especially the ROSAH syndrome (the T237M and the Tyr254Cys mutant) and spiradenoma/spiradenoma (the V1092A mutant), were revealed recently [54,85]. The gene discussed is ALPK1; the disease is retinal dystrophy, optic nerve edema, splenomegaly, anhidrosis, and migraine headache syndrome.