According to the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method and ten-fold cross-validation (Fig. 2A B), seven clinical characteristics were identified to be significantly associated with one-year mortality, and these characteristics included hemoglobin, HDL-C, albumin, serum creatinine, NT-proBNP, CHF, and statins. The gene discussed is ALB; the disease is congestive heart failure.