HAVCR1 and acute kidney injury: First, we performed immunohistochemistry for Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1), a widely used biomarker for renal proximal tubular injury (Figure 5A-C).25 In tissues with acute kidney injury, the damaged renal tubular epithelia exhibit KIM-1 staining on the apical surface of tubular cells (Figure 5C, KIM-1 positive [+ve] control from wild type mice after 48 hour ischemia reperfusion injury).21 This study revealed no significant levels of apical KIM-1 staining in either wild type or Shroom3Gt/+ kidneys at postnatal day 3, 1 month, and 3 months (Figure 5A and B, arrows).