CDKN1A and cancer: From the aforementioned eligible 32 genes, a total of 19 different genes were selected for a follow-up qPCR analysis (mechanisms of cancer: APC, BCL2L11, CASP8, CDH1, CDKN1A, COL1A1, IGF1, PTEN, RAC1, TGFB1; tumor metastasis: (APC, CDH1), CEACAM1, CTNNA1, MMP2/9/10, TIMP1/2/3/4), including further treatment conditions.