TIMP1 and Hyperglycemia: In contrast, hyperglycemia increased the levels of CDKN1A (FCHG, control = 1.20), MMP2 (FCHG, control = 2.62), TIMP1 (FCHG, control = 1.29) and BCL2L11 (FCHG, control = 1.29) compared to untreated normoglycemic controls with the latter being affected by elevated glucose levels especially in the presence of 1.0 mmol/L metformin (FC1.0, HG vs NG = 3.18, p = 0.096; FC1.0+ins, HG vs NG = 4.34, p = 0.073).