ALB and diabetic kidney disease: The assessment of diabetic microvascular complications was performed as follows: peripheral neuropathy was done using Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI), diabetic retinopathy using fundus examination, and diabetic nephropathy using solid phase/sandwich-format/immunometric assay using NycoCard U-albumin kit. PFTs of diabetic patients and controls were compared by applying an independent sample t-test.