Intriguingly, there were no significant changes in the relative numbers of neurons or VIP and nNOS‐IR neurons in the GCIR and CCH groups, contrary to other studies where activation of the GAL‐3/TLR4 pathway led to significant neuron loss after cerebral ischemia in all three models of cerebral ischemic.119, 121, 122, 123, 124. The gene discussed is NOS1; the disease is brain ischemia.