Our previous study has shown that parvalbumin-positive interneurons (PVI)-specific conditional SARM1 deletion (SARM1PV-CKO) mice exhibited autism-like behaviors and a reduction in the number of PVIs due to apoptosis, suggesting that SARM1 deficiency in PVIs may contribute to the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder [45]. This evidence concerns the gene SARM1 and autism spectrum disorder.