DNAJC5 and infection: [13] Because features of immune responses to P. falciparum differ between symptomatic malaria, which is associated with overexpression of pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN-γ, TNF, and IL-1β, [14] and asymptomatic infections, we explored if symptomaticity influenced the risk of reinfection with parasites bearing homologous CSP and AMA-1 epitope types.