NFKB1 and neoplasm: Cardamonin exhibited antioxidant activity by up-regulating of Nrf2 and NF-κB, and then prevented cells from oxidative stress and inflammatory damage in cardiomyocytes (Qi et al., 2020; Tan et al., 2021); on the other hand, cardamonin enhanced mitochondrial oxidative stress through inhibiting HIF-1α or NF-κB, which ultimately inhibits the tumor cell proliferation and migration (Jin et al., 2019; Li et al., 2017).