PDPN and liver disorder: Concerning intrahepatic LVs, it is known that there is an increase in the number of dilated D2-40/podoplanin liver LVs and lymphangiogenesis in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension, regardless of disease etiology (Oikawa et al., 1998; Yokomori et al., 2010; Ma et al., 2021).