Large amounts of targeting agents such as small molecule targeting ligands (glycyrrhetinic acid (171), folate, etc.), proteins (transferrin, GPC3 (172), etc.), antibodies (anti-GPC3 antibody, anti-VEGFR antibody, etc.), aptamers (TLS 9a aptamer, EpCAM-specific aptamer, etc.)and peptides (SP94 oligopeptide, etc.)had been reported for HCC therapy. The gene discussed is GPC3; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.