Likewise, tested by IVW method using the cis-pQTL instruments, six cytokines (IL-2ra, IP-10 [interferon gamma-induced protein 10], MCSF, MIF, MIP1a, and VEGF [vascular endothelial growth factor]) showed suggestive association with the risk of HF, six cytokines (activePAI [active plasminogen activator inhibitor-1], IL-18, MCP-3, MIP1a, SeSelectin, and TRAIL [TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand]) with AF, and three cytokines (Eotaxin, MCSF, and SCF) with stroke. Here, CSF1 is linked to atrial fibrillation.