utilized PDOs-based drug testing revealed that the combination of FGFR and MEK inhibitors showed better treatment effects than a single FGFR inhibitor in FGFR1 amplified lung adenocarcinoma, this suggested that PDOs can be used to test the sensitivity of individual tumors to various treatments and to develop personalized treatment strategies for patients based on their specific tumor characteristics, highlighting the important translational nature of PDOs-based personalized medicine. Here, FGFR1 is linked to neoplasm.