VEGFA and ovarian carcinoma: Stage 3 or 4 ovarian cancers are prone to produce ascites [3], and the formation of ascites may be the result of peritoneal tumor metastasis leading to tumor obstruction of lymphatic drainage [4] and angiogenesis-related vascular permeability changes associated with several growth factors such as VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), FGF (fibroblast growth factor), and PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor) [5,6].