VHL and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma: The results of the MTT analysis revealed that simvastatin inhibited cell viability in various ccRCC cells, including Caki1, Caki2, RCC52, 786O (VHL wild-type), and A498 (VHL mutant) cells in a concentration-dependent manner; moreover, cell numbers were significantly decreased after treatment with simvastatin (1–10 μM) for 24–72 h (Figure 1A).