TGFB1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: TGF-β, a crucial pro-fibrotic cytokine in the liver [50,51], includes TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3, among which TGF-β1 is the most potent of these proteins and the main regulator of chronic liver disease, increasing the illness’s progression from early liver damage to inflammation, fibrosis, and cirrhosis, even HCC [52,53].