TLR3 and lung cancer: In a lung cancer mouse model, it was shown that small nuclear RNAs loaded in tEVs upregulate the expression of TLR3 in the host lung epithelial cells; TLR3 expression and activation in these cells resulted in the recruitment of neutrophils that promote pre-metastatic niche formation: its deficiency, instead, reduced metastasis in the spontaneous cancer metastatic mouse model used.