In another more recent study, in a longitudinal cohort of 1538 patients where changes in eGFR over time and the development of a composite kidney outcome (CKD incidence, CKD progression, or end-stage renal disease) have been evaluated, a multimarker score based on the detection of three urinary proteins MCP-1, YKL-40, and UMOD levels increased prognostic accuracy by improving the AUC and the net-reclassification [44]. Here, CHI3L1 is linked to stage 5 chronic kidney disease.