Several IBD genetic risk alleles, including nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 (NOD2), TNF-α-induced protein 3 (TNFAIP3/A20), and Toll-interacting protein (TOLLIP), promote gut pathogenesis, at least partly, through dysregulated NF-κB signaling [95]. This evidence concerns the gene NOD2 and inflammatory bowel disease.