PPARGC1A and inflammation: Swimming training can also improve aging-induced cardiac inflammation by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway and suppressing the expression of COX2 and iNOS [14], while long-term swimming exercise can activate AMPK, leading to an increase in the expression of SIRT1 and PGC-1α in the cardiomyocytes of aging rats, thereby promoting cardiac metabolic adaptation and improving cardiac inflammation [44].