MASP1 and infection: Different proinflammatory activators acting on endothelial cells (among others) can be present simultaneously or sequentially in the circulation during a bacterial (LPS and MASP-1) or viral (IFNγ and MASP-1) infection, in certain diseases such as HAE (bradykinin and MASP-1), or during an allergic reaction accompanied by a bacterial or fungal infection (histamine and MASP-1).